Summary of Vertebrate and Molluscan Assemblages Excavated from Late-Pleistocene and Holocene Deposits at Khao Toh Chong Rockshelter, Krabi, Thailand

Cyler Conrad; Hannah G. Van Vlack; Ben Marwick; Cholawit Thongcharoenchaikit; Rasmi Shoocongdej; Boonyarit Chaisuwan

Authors

Cyler Conrad University of New Mexico, Department of Anthropology, MSC01-1040, Anthropology 1, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
Hannah G. Van Vlack San Jose State University, Department of Anthropology, Clark Hall Suite 469, One Washington Square, San Jose, California, USA
Ben Marwick University of Washington, Department of Anthropology, Box 353100, Seattle, Washington, USA
Cholawit Thongcharoenchaikit National Science Museum, Technopolis, Khlong 5, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
Rasmi Shoocongdej Silpakorn University, Department of Archaeology, Naphathard Road, Bangkok, Thailand
Boonyarit Chaisuwan 15th Regional Office of Fine Arts Department, Srisoonthon Road, Phuket, Thailand

Keywords:

vertebrate and molluscan assemblages, late-Pleistocene and Holocene deposits, Khao Toh Chong, Krabi, Thailand

Abstract

The zooarchaeological record of a recently excavated rockshelter site in peninsular Thailand is summarized. Detailed identification of mammalian, reptilian, piscean and molluscan taxa indicate a unique foraging pattern of prehistoric humans throughout the late-Pleistocene to Holocene.

References

Anderson, D.D. 1990. Lang Rong-rien rockshelter: A Pleistocene, early Holocene archaeological site from Krabi, southwestern Thailand. Philadelphia: University Museum, University of Pennsylvania. 86 pp.

Ankel-Simons, F. 2000. Primate anatomy: An introduction. San Diego: Academic Press. 752 pp.

Auetrakulvit, P. 2004. Faunes du pléistocène final à l'holocène de la Thaïlande: approche archéozoologique. (Doctoral dissertation). L'Université de Provence. Aix-Marseille I, Marseille.

Barker, G., T. Reynolds and D. Gilbertson. 2005. The Human Use of Caves in Peninsular and Island Southeast Asia: Research Themes. Asian Perspectives. 44 (1): 1-15.

Bulbeck, F. 2003. Hunter-gatherer occupation of the Malay Peninsula from the Ice Age to the Iron Age. In: J. Mercader (ed.), Under the canopy: The archaeology of tropical rain forests. Piscataway: Rutgers University Press.

Brandt, R.A.M. 1974. The non-marine aquatic Mollusca of Thailand. Arch. Molluskenkunde. 105: 1-423.

Castillo, C. 2011. Rice in Thailand: The Archaeobotanical Contribution. Rice. 4(3-4): 114-120.

France, D.L. 2009. Human and Nonhuman Bone Identification: A Color Atlas. Boca Raton: CRC Press. 734 pp.

Francis, C. 2008. A Guide to the Mammals of Southeast Asia. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 392 pp.

Horten, B.P., P.L. Gibbard, G.M. Milne, R.J. Morley and C. Purintavaragul. 2005. Holocene sea levels and palaeoenvironments, Malay-Thai Peninsula, southeast Asia. The Holocene. 15 (8): 1199-1213.

Jiwaluk, J., P. Promprasri and O. Nakchinda. 2007. Freshwater Bivalves of Thailand. The Agricultural Cooperation Federation of Thailand Press. Bangkok. (in Thai).

Lekagul, B. and J.A. McNeely. 1977. Mammals of Thailand. Bangkok: Association for the Conservation of Wildlife. 758 pp.

Lyman, L. 2008. Quantitative Paleozoology. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. 348 pp.

Marwick, B. and M. Gagan. 2011. Late Pleistocene monsoon variability in northwest Thailand: an oxygen isotope sequence from the bivalve Margaritanopsis laeosensis excavated in Mae Hong Son province. Quaternary Science Reviews. 30: 3088-3098.

Marwick, B., R. Shoocongdej, C. Thongcharoenchaikit, B. Chaisuwan, C. Khowkhiew and S. Kwak. 2013. Hierarchies of engagement and understanding: Community engagement during archaeological excavations at Khao Toh Chong rockshelter, Krabi, Thailand. In:S. O’Connor, (ed.), Transcending the Culture-Nature Divide in Cultural Heritage: Views from the Asia-Pacific Region. Terra Australis, ANU E Press. 203 pp.

Mudar, K. and D. Anderson. 2007. New Evidence for Southeast Asian Pleistocene Foraging Economies: Faunal Remains from the Early Levels of Lang Rongrien Rockshelter, Krabi, Thailand. Asian Perspectives. 46(2): 298-334.

Pookajorn, S. 1996. Human activities and environmental changes during the late Pleistocene to middle Holocene in southern Thailand and Southeast Asia. In: L. Guy Straus et al. (eds.), Humans at the End of the Ice Age. New York, Plenum Press, pp. 201-213.

Shoocongdej, R. 2000. Forager mobility organization in seasonal tropical environments of western Thailand. World Archaeology. 32(1): 14-40.

Shoocongdej, R. 2010. Subsistence-Settlement Organization during the Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene: The Case of Lang Kamnang Cave, Western Thailand. In: B. Bellina et al. (eds.), 50 Years of Southeast Asian Archaeology: Essays in Honor of Ian Glover. River Books, Bangkok, pp. 51-66.

Sinsakul, S. 1992. Evidence of quaternary sea level changes in the coastal areas of Thailand: a review. Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences. 7(1): 23-37.

Sri-aroon, P., C. Lohachit and M. Harada. 2005. Brackish-water mollusks of Surat Thani Province, southern Thailand. The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health. 36: 180-188.

Sucharit, C. and S. Panha. 2008. Land Snails of Khao Nan National Park. Bangkok Press. Bangkok. (in Thai).

Swennen, C., R.G. Moolenbeck, N. Ruttanadakul, H. Hobbelink, H. Dekker and S. Hajisamae. 2001. The molluscs of the southern Gulf of Thailand. Bangkok: Biodiversity Research and Training Program. 210 pp.

Tjia, H. D. 1996. Sea-Level Changes in the Tectonically Stable Malay-Thai Peninsula. Quaternary International: the Journal of the International Union for Quaternary Research. 31: 95-101.

White, J. C., D. Penny, L. Kealhofer and B. Maloney. 2004. Vegetation changes from the late Pleistocene through the Holocene from three areas of archaeological significance in Thailand. Quaternary International. 113: 111-132.