Vegetative Growth of Ratooned Sugarcane and Yield of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) WALP) with Mykovam Application under Intercropping System

Abstract

Intercropping and biofertilizer application are sustainable agricultural practices that increase farm productivity by improving the yield performance of components involved in the production system. This on-farm trial determined the effect of intercropping and Mykovam application to the yield of two cowpea varieties and vegetative growth of ratooned sugarcane. Intercropping cowpea to ratooned sugarcane reduced its plant height at the tillering stage, but the effect was not lasting. Moreover, it did not affect the yield predictive parameters of sugarcane. Intercropping Cp5 cowpea variety with ratooned sugarcane did not affect its maturity, yield, and harvest index. On the other hand, intercropped Cp3 cowpea variety matured earlier, had higher yield and harvest index. Mykovam application did not improve yield of cowpea, and land equivalent ratio (LER). Thus, Mykovam application is not necessary to improve the yield of cowpea and reduce the effect of intercropping on ratooned sugarcane. However, it is recommended that a follow-up study should cover the full cropping cycle of sugarcane, intercropping varying crops coupled with production management that minimize competition with sugarcane leading to an increased yield of both crops; cost-benefit analysis at the cropping pattern level is also recommended for a holistic approach.