Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Yield components of Promising Sugarcane Clones for Nitrogen Fertilizer Management in Irrigated and Supplementary Water Areas

Abstract

Nitrogen is important for photosynthesis, sugar production, stimulation of stem growth and tillering of sugarcane, which is related to yield and yield components. This research aims to study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on yield and yield components of promising sugarcane clones grown under irrigated and supplementary water areas for use as a recommendation of nitrogen fertilizer for new sugarcane variety production. The field was conducted at Suphan Buri Field Crops Research Center, Suphan Buri province in 2022-2024 for plant cane and ratoon cane. The experimental design was a split plot in RCB with four replications. Main plot was comprised of five clones/varieties of sugarcane including five promising clones/varieties (UT15-060, UT15-094, UT10-044, Khon Kaen 3 and LK92-11). Sub plot was consisted of five nitrogen fertilizer rates (0, 7.5, 15, 22.5, 30 kg N/rai for plant cane and 0, 9, 18, 27, 36 kg N/rai for ratoon cane) with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers at the rate of 3 kg P2O5/rai and 6 kg K2O/rai. The result showed that, for plant cane, every nitrogen fertilizer rates were affected on cane yield and sugar yield. They had cane yield and sugar yield 20.95-22.52 tons/rai and 2.79-3.05 tonCCS/rai respectively, which more than no nitrogen fertilizer applied. For ratoon cane, there was interaction between main plot and sub plot. UT15-060, UT15-094 and UT10-044 gave high cane yield (19.59, 19.19 and 20.95 tons/rai) and high sugar yield (2.70-2.86 tonCCS/rai) when nitrogen fertilizer were applied at the rate of 18, 27 and 36 kg N/rai. So, UT15-060, UT15-094 and UT10-044 production in plant cane should be use notrogen fertilizer at the rate of 7.5 kg N/rai with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers at the rate of 3 kg P2O5/rai and 6 kg K2O/rai. Ratoon cane should be use nitrogen fertilizer at the rate of 18 kg N/rai with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers at the rate of 3 kg P2O5/rai and 6 kg K2O/rai that increase cane yield, sugar yield, high nitrogen use efficiency and economic return.