Effects of using mycorrhizal fungi together with fertilizer according to soil analysis values that affect growth and the yield of animal feed corn in a square clay set

Abstract

Effects of mycorrhizal fungi in combination with fertilizer application based on soil analysis on growth and yield of corn varieties Pioneer 1463 and Nakhon Sawan 3 in a square plot of soil. The objectives were to study the use of mycorrhizal fungi in combination with fertilizer based on soil analysis on the growth and yield of corn; to study the chemical properties before and after planting; and to study the amount of mycorrhizal fungi present in the soil before and during the growing period of corn. The experiment was designed as a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The overall results were as follows: The use of mycorrhizal fungi in combination with 75 percent of chemical fertilizer based on soil analysis or the use of 75 percent of chemical fertilizer based on soil analysis alone had no effect on the height of corn plants at 60 and 120 days. All experimental formulas showed no statistically significant differences. Planting corn variety Pioneer 1463 with 75% chemical fertilizer based on soil analysis resulted in the highest dry seed weight, fresh plant weight, shelled cob weight, and unshelled cob weight, equal to 14.70, 24.33, 23.67 and 26.00 kilograms, respectively. Planting corn variety Nakhon Sawan 3 with 75% chemical fertilizer based on soil analysis resulted in the highest number of perfect cobs, number of imperfect cobs, and 100-seed weight, equal to 100 cobs, 37 cobs and 30.17 grams, respectively. Meanwhile, planting corn variety Pioneer 1463 with mycorrhizal fungi and 75% chemical fertilizer based on soil analysis resulted in the lowest values.

The use of mycorrhizal fungi in conjunction with fertilizer application based on soil analysis resulted in soil pH levels ranging from slightly acidic to moderately acidic and soil electrical conductivity (ECe) levels that were not saline. Additionally, the cultivation of Pioneer 1463 corn with 75% chemical fertilizer, as determined by soil analysis, resulted in the highest soil nutrient levels. However, the use of mycorrhizal fungi in conjunction with fertilizer application based on soil analysis or the sole use of chemical fertilizers for one year resulted in an improvement in soil chemical properties.

The application of mycorrhizal fungi in combination with fertilizer application based on soil analysis had an effect on the number of mycorrhizal fungal spores in 60-day-old and 90-day-old corn. It was found that the increased growth of corn led to an increase in the growth of mycorrhizal fungi.

Keywords: Maize, mycorrhizal fungi, chemical fertilizers, and square soil series