Effect of Thai Chili (Capsicum frutescens L.) Seed Priming for Salinity Tolerance with Different Chemical Solutions and Different Soaking Times on Growth, Yield, Some Physiological Characteristics and Secondary Compounds Contents
Keywords:
seed priming , chili , salinity tolerance , Acetylsalicylic acidAbstract
Background and Objectives : Soil salinity affects the growth and yield of plants. In particular, Thai Chili (Capsicum frutescens L.) is classified as a glycophyte genotype, which is unable to grow under high salinity. This research aimed to study the effects of seed priming with different chemical solutions and soaking times on the growth, yield, physiological characteristics, and secondary compound contents of Thai Chili under salt stress conditions
Methodology : The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design. The first experiment consisted of 32 treatments (4 replications/treatment, 50 seeds/replication). Thai Chili seeds were primed by soaking in RO water, 20 mM NaCl, 10 mM CaCl₂, 0.2 mM ASA, and 25 mM GB for 12-48 h, along with a non-primed seed group. These seeds were then planted under normal or saline stress conditions (50 mM NaCl) to determine the percentage of seed germination and the mean germination time. The second and third experiments had 5 treatments with 4 replications each. Thai Chili seeds were primed by soaking in chemicals and subsequently grown under the same conditions as in the first experiment.
Main Results : Priming Thai Chili seeds with 20 mM NaCl for 12 h, 10 mM CaCl₂ for 24 h, 0.2 mM ASA for 48 h, and 25 mM GB for 24 h increased seed germination and allowed growth under salinity stress. Primed seeds grown under salt stress conditions maintained a high germination rate and exhibited a mean germination time similar to those grown under non-salt stress conditions. The outcomes at the vegetative and reproductive stages revealed that Thai Chili plants grown from seeds soaked in 0.2 mM ASA for 48 h showed similar results in growth, yield components, yield, certain physiological characteristics, and amounts of secondary compounds under both normal and saline stress conditions.
Conclusions : The suitable treatment for increasing seed tolerance to saline stress in this study was seed priming with 0.2 mM ASA for 48 h. Seeds primed with this treatment exhibited no statistically significant differences in growth, yield components, yield, some physiological characteristics, and secondary compound contents at the germination, vegetative, and reproductive stages of plants grown under both normal and saline stress conditions.
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