Effect of Soybean Meal Fermented with Bacillus subtillis var. natto on Growth Performance of Juvenile Asian Seabass (Lates culcarifer Bloch, 1970)
Keywords:
Bacillus subtilis var. natto , fermented soybean meal , alternative protein source , Asian SeabassAbstract
Background and Objectives : Asian sea bass is an economically species is widely cultured in coastal area. In Trang province, Asian sea bass is popular raised in cages distributed along coastal arear and estuaries, using both commercial diet and trash fish. Although commercial feed encourages better growth performance but its increases costs significantly. Some farmers try to used trash fish as feed because it is readily available daily. However, the constraint of trash fish is variable nutritional values that effect on fish growth. Therefore, the objectives of this experiment are to seeking for cost-effective diets by replacement fish meal by fermented soybean meal with Bacillus subtilis var. natto in order to investigate the effects of this alternative feed on growth performance, feed efficiency, and feed cost in Asian seabass farming.
Methodology : One thousand and two hundred Asian sea bass with initial weight 37.00-38.18 gram were randomly distributed into twelve net cages (2×1.5×2 meter), one hundred fish per cage. The three experimental diets were the commercial feed for sea bass (CM), the diet contained fermented soybean meal (NT), and trash fish (TF). Fish were fed once daily (8.00 A.M.) till satiation for 160 days.
Main Results : Mean body weight, specific growth rate, Survival rate, and yield/cage of Asian seabass were not significantly different (P>0.05) among all treatment groups of fish. However, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, and feed cost were significantly different (P<0.05). The Asian seabass fed on CM diet had the lowest feed intake, followed by those of fish fed on NT diet, while fish fed on TF diet had the highest feed intake. Feed conversion ratio of fish fed on NT diet was not different comparison to fish fed on CM diet, and showed lower than those of fish fed on TF diet. Protein efficiency ratio of fish fed on NT diet was lower than those of fish fed on CM and TF diets. Fish fed on NT diet had the lowest feed cost, followed by those of fish fed on CM diet, while fish fed on TF diet showed the highest feed cost.
Conclusions : The results of this experiment showed that Asian seabass fed with partial replacement of fish meal by fermented soybean with Bacillus subtilis var. natto had similar growth performances, survival rates and yields with commercial feed or trash fish. Additionally, it could significantly lower the feed cost for seabass raised in cages.
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