Study of Carbon Dioxide Adsorption on Metals Supported on Activated Carbon Prepared from Apricot Stones
Keywords:
adsorption, carbon dioxide , activated carbon , apricot stonesAbstract
Background and Objectives : Two urgent matters receiving much attention from many researchers are: (1) reducing the amount of greenhouse gases that cause global warming, especially carbon dioxide, which is generated from combustion to produce energy. The most applicable technology for CO2 capture is an adsorption process; (2) zero waste through the recycling process and transformation into value-added goods. The objective of this research is to study the CO2 adsorption on activated carbon made from apricot stones, a waste product from a food processing factory, and to investigate the CO2 adsorption on activated carbon added Zn, Cu, and Ce metals, including CuZn and CeZn metals.
Methodology : Apricot stones were converted into activated carbon (ASAC) by chemical activation with potassium hydroxide and carbonization at 750°C. Metallic adsorbents were prepared by adding 1.0wt%Zn, 1.0wt%Cu, 1.0wt%Ce, 0.5wt%Cu1.0wt%Zn, and 0.5wt%Ce1.0wt%Zn by impregnation technique to modify the ASAC-activated carbon surface. The morphology characteristics of these prepared adsorbents were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, and their surface area, pore volume, and average pore size were determined by N2 physisorption. For the CO2 adsorption, adsorption isotherm was investigated at 0°C.
Main Results : All metallic adsorbents had a higher surface area, except 1.0Ce/ASAC, and a smaller pore size when compared with ASAC-activated carbon. A 1.0 Zn/ASAC adsorbent possesses the highest surface area (756.90 m2/g) and the biggest pore size (1.90 nm) when compared with other metallic adsorbents. The CO2 adsorption isotherms’ results showed that the modified ASAC-activated carbons with metals can enhance the CO2 capacity. The CO2 capacity of 1.0Zn/ASAC was 90.49 cm3/g, which was the highest value. The next order was 1.0Ce/ASAC (90.01 cm3/g) and then 0.5Ce1.0Zn/ASAC (89.91 cm3/g), whereas the CO2 capacity of ASAC-activated carbon was 699.83 cm3/g, which was the lowest value.
Conclusions : The BET surface area and pore size of ASAC-activated carbon affected the CO2 capacity. Adding metals (1.0Zn, 1.0Cu, 1.0Ce, 0.5Cu1.0Zn, and 0.5Ce1.0Zn) to ASAC-activated carbon made it absorb more CO2 than ASAC-activated carbon alone. The CO2 capacity of the studied adsorbents was in the order: 1.0Zn/ASAC > 1.0Ce/ASAC > 0.5Ce1.0Zn/ASAC > 1.0Cu/ASAC > 0.5Cu1.0Zn/ASAC > ASAC.
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